Black holes :: essays research papers

black hole, in astronomy, celestial object of such extremely intense gravity that it attracts everything near it and in some instances prevents everything, including light, from escaping. The term was first used in reference to a star in the last phases of gravitational collapse (the final stage in the life history of certain stars; see stellar evolution), by the American physicist John A. Wheeler. Gravitational collapse begins when a star has depleted its steady sources of nuclear energy and can no longer produce the expansive force, a result of normal gas pressure, that supports the star against the compressive force of its own gravitation. As the star shrinks in size (and increases in density), it may assume one of several forms depending upon its mass. A less massive star may become a white dwarf, while a more massive one would become a supernova. If the mass is less than three times that of the sun, it will form a neutron star. However, if the final mass of the remaining stellar core is more than three solar masses, as shown by the American physicists J. Robert Oppenheimer and Hartland S. Snyder in 1939, nothing remains to prevent the star from collapsing without limit to an indefinitely small size and infinitely large density, a point called the "singularity. At the point of singularity the effects of Einstein's general theory of relativity become paramount. According to this theory, space becomes curved in the vicinity of matter; the greater the concentration of matter, the greater the curvature. When the star (or supernova remnant) shrinks below a certain size determined by its mass, the extreme curvature of space seals off contact with the outside world. The place beyond which no radiation can escape is called the event horizon, and its radius is called the Schwarzschild radius after the German astronomer Karl Schwarzschild, who in 1916 postulated the existence of collapsed celestial objects that emit no radiation. For a star with a mass equal to that of the sun, this limit is a radius of only 0.9 mi (1.5 km). Even light cannot escape the black hole but is turned back by the enormous pull of gravitation. It is now believed that the origin of some black holes is nonstellar. Some astrophysicists suggest that immense volumes of interstellar matter can collect and collapse into supermassive black holes, such as are found at the center of some galaxies.

Age of the Universe Essay

The age of the universe is said to be about 13.75 billion years old. The method used in determining this age would be attempting to find the age of chemical elements, oldest star clusters, as well as white dwarf stars. Scientists also try to find the universes rate of expansion, and behavior of globular clusters, which are spherical collection of stars. In order to find this, scientists can use radioactive decay to determine how old a given mixture of atoms is in rock samples. In order to find the rate of expansion of the universe, The Hubble constant was the basic cosmological model dependent on density and composition of the universe. Some formulas used by The Hubble Constant is that the earth is composed of primary matter and the age of the universe is 2/3(Ho) with Ho being The Hubble constant (1). Another formula is that the earth is said to have very little matter and the age of the universe is 1/ Ho, which is now considered to be more accurate (1). The age of the earth is approximately 4.54 billion years old, about 9.21 years after the universe was formed. The main theory of how the earth was formed is the Big Bang Theory, or a star explosion. Some also call is a supernova. This happens in the universe when the wreckage from an explosion crashed into a cloud of gas, bringing in the ingredients for our solar system. The formation of our sun came first from the collapse of a solar nebula. After about ten to twenty million years after this collapse, dust then clustered to grains, to lumps, to boulders, to planetesimas. Soon it became chunks of rock big enough to have their own gravitational field. So, some plantesimals became the embryonic form of planets in our solar system today. As more asteroids and other planets collided with planet earth, crust began to cool and water began to form and collect on the surface. References Age of the Earth . (2007, July 9). USGS. Retrieved January 16, 2013, from http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/geotime/age.html Age of the Universe . (2012, December 27). The Age of the Elements . Retrieved January 16, 2013, from http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/age.html How did the Earth form? | The Planets and our solar System. (2013, January 1). UK2Planets | The Planets in our Solar System. Retrieved January 16, 2013, from http://www.uk2planets.org.uk/how-did-the-earth-form/ How old is the Universe?. (2012, December 21). Universe 101 . Retrieved January 16, 2013, from http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/universe/uni_ag Life’s Origins Early earth was not a place for ideal living because it was a fire and hell-like environment. So much so, that scientists even called it Hadean eon, which is an ancient Greek word for down under. It was a place with many volcanoes and some scientists even say there were continental crusts and oceans. Even though it was extremely hot, scientists have found that some bacteria could survive these extreme conditions. According to Watson, by using zircon crystals, they could tell that early earth had a definite wet temperature. The atmosphere consisted of carbon dioxide, water, and volcanic gases. Today, not as many volcanoes exist. No one really knows when life was originated. Asteroids may have hit from time to time, having an effect on life’s atmosphere by causing organic molecules to synthesize. RNA and DNA are the genetic material for all life, and they are made up of long chains of nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus atom s. An important step in the origin of life is the ability of all living things to reproduce. Starting with RNA being able to self-replicate itself, we then evolve into being able to pass genetic material onto offspring, and then natural selection. Miller and Urey built an apparatus filled with water, methane, ammonia, hydrogen, but no oxygen. They hypothesized that this was the mixture of the atmosphere of early earth and boiled and condensed the water to keep it circulating. Miller and Urey kept this going for a week and used paper chromatography to be able to show that many amino acids and some other organic molecules were now in the flask. Many other scientists have tested this experiment and found that amino acids, protein molecules, adenine, and other nucleic acid bases were present. Some theories suggest an electric spark could have helped generate these amino acids and sugars in the atmosphere, others suggest the first origins of life could have met on clay. Alexander Graham Cairns- Smith says clay could help the organic compounds become concentrated and organize into patterns similar to genes today. Some scientists theorized that life was brought from somewhere else in space rather than beginning on earth, which is also known as panspermia. In reality, no one is sure of how life began because no one was around to know, but these theories have helped us gain a sense of fascination and knowledge of how life was originated. References 7 Theories on the Origin of Life | LiveScience . (n.d.). Science News – Science Articles and Current Events | LiveScience . Retrieved January 14, 2013, from http://www.livescience.com/13363-7-theories-origin-life.html Early Earth Not So Hellish, New Study Suggests | LiveScience . (n.d.). Science News – Science Articles and Current Events | LiveScience . Retrieved January 14, 2013, from http://www.livescience.com/241-early-earth-hellish-study-suggests.html How did life originate?. (n.d.). Understanding Evolution. Retrieved January 14, 2013, from http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/origsoflife_04 Miller and Urey’s Experiment and Molecules of life. (n.d.). Anthropological Study of Workers, Occupational Health, Public Health, Textile Workers. Retrieved January 14, 2013, from http://anthropologicalstudy.blogspot.com/2011/03/miller-and-ureys-experiment-and.html The Origin of Life. (n.d.). RCN D.C. Metro | High-Speed Internet, Digital Cable TV & Phone Service Provider. Retrieved January 14, 2013, from http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AbioticSynthesis.html Ancient Life Radiometric dating is used to date materials based on comparison between the observed abundance of a naturally occurring radioactive isotope and its decay rate (1). Some different types are radiocarbon dating, potassium-argon dating, and uranium-lead dating. They provide important information about fossil ages and the rate of evolutionary changes. Radiocarbon dating is used to estimate the remains of materials with carbon as of 58000 to 62000 years ago (2). Potassium-argon dating is used to measure the product of radioactive decay of an isotope of potassium into argon. This method works for calculating the age of samples a little over a few thousand years. Uranium-lead dating on the other hand, can estimate the age range of a sample from about 1 million to 4.5 billion years ago (3). This method has two separate decay chains, uranium series, and actinium series, occurring by a series of alpha decays. It is important to have different types of radiometric dating because the earth has b een around for quite some time and a lot of changes has happened in each era, epoch, and eons. There was not as much oxygen dependency in earth’s early atmosphere as there is today. The result of oxygen presence is mainly because of volcanic activity as well as oxygen producing organisms like cyanobacteria, in the oceans of early earth. Cyanobacteria as well as blue-green algae produced their energy anaerobically, releasing oxygen and taking in CO2, and releasing oxygen. Oxygen gained a permanent presence in earth’s atmosphere 2.45 billion years ago for the aerobic organisms that inhabited. When the plates of earth’s crust shift, along with their liquid layers below, this is called plate tectonics. This results in how our continent and land mass appears throughout time. Kenorland, one of the first supercontinents of early earth broke up about 2.6 billion years ago. Another supercontinent called Columbia then formed about 1.8 years ago, and after that Rodinia formed from Columbia’s remains, that broke 550 million years ago. The breaking of these supercontinents caused the earth to have freezing temperatures. Oceans broke out and then Pangea formed and split into two supercontinents called Laurasia and Gondwana. Laurasia consists of what is now North America, Asia, Europe, and Gondwana of South America, Africa, India, Antarctica, and Australia. These continents in time spread and broke to form what we have today. Mass extinctions are when a species has become wiped out. There have been about five mass extinctions that have occurred so far. The first that occurred was during the Paleozoic era which was the end of the Ordovician. Scientist found that 60% of terrestrial and marine lives had disappeared out of nowhere. The next mass extinction was the late Devonian. The environment no longer provided enough for the survival of these organisms. The third mass extinction was the end of the Permian during the Mesozoic era, where scientist found that 85.5% of all marine species became extinct. The Triassic extinction is the fourth one that happened in the Mesozoic era. Marine invertebrate’s population decreased by 50%. The last mass extinction caused the dinosaurs, as well as plants and other tropical marine life to die out during the Cenozoic era. Global temperature and oceans caused flooding for 40% of all continents. One theory is that because of the quick change of CO2 in the atmosphere, mass extinction occurred. While CO2 in the atmosphere changed, surface layers in the deep oceans began to sink. CO2 increased too rapidly for creatures to adapt in time. Some theories suggest an asteroid caused some mass extinction, hitting the earth. The asteroid might have blocked the sun’s rays or cause the earth’s temperature to rise too high. Periods of intense speciation happens because of mutations. Mutations come from ionizing radiation and other factors. Species that do survive, mutate and cause this speciation. Some researchers say that Earth is hitting the sixth mass extinction because many species are endangered and decreasing population. Researchers also found that major mammals have become more and more rare that they could be extinct in about 30 years. These endangered species, researchers found, may be the result of human activities like habitat destruction and hunting. So, we are b asically in a sixth mass extinction, because human play the main cause. References Biello, D. (2009, August). The Origin of Oxygen in Earth’s Atmosphere. Scientific American. Retrieved from: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=origin-of-oxygen-in-atmosphere Plastino, W.; Kaihola, L.; Bartolomei, P.; Bella, F. (2001). â€Å"Cosmic Background Reduction In The Radiocarbon Measurement By Scintillation Spectrometry At The Underground Laboratory Of Gran Sasso†. Radiocarbon 43 (2A): 157–161. Parrish, Randall R.; Noble, Stephen R., 2003. Zircon U-Th-Pb Geochronology by Isotope Dilution – Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ID-TIMS). In Zircon (eds. J. Hanchar and P. Hoskin). Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Mineralogical Society of America. 183-213. Wilkins, A. (2011, January). A History of Supercontinents on Planet Earth. io9. Retrieved from: http://io9.com/5744636/a-geological-history-of-supercontinents-on-planet-earth

Pericles And Alexander The Great - 1925 Words

Professor Ed Jost Western Civilization I October 14, 2016 Lessons in Leadership – Pericles and Alexander the Great Pericles and Alexander the Great are known as two Greek Icons who developed Greece into one of the most prestigious empires in history. During their time, Greece was vastly advanced and influenced western civilization today. The first leader to unselfishly use the political system of democracy, Pericles wanted to strengthen Greece influence around the world and pushed for other states to adopt democracy. Pericles allowed even the poorest citizens to hold a seat in office if elected by their peers. Alexander the Great was one of the greatest leaders and emperors of all time earning the name of â€Å"the great†. Today Alexander the Great is known as a conquering leader who created one of the largest empires of all time. Both Pericles and Alexander the Great are remembered today as some of the most accomplished and respected leaders in living memory. Pericles was born in 495 B.C. E in Cholargos north of Athens. Pericles was an influential orator, leader and general during Athens golden age between the Persian and Peloponnesian wars. Pericles popularized arts and literature and was the main reason Athens holds the reputation of being the educational and cultural center of the ancient Greek world. During Pericles rule, Athens developed its Acropolis, the elevated citadel that held the most important buildings and temples. These building where so architecturallyShow MoreRelatedThe War Of The Persian War854 Words   |  4 Pageswar between the persian empire and Spartans/Athens. After the Persian war, the Peloponnesian war took place, which was led by sparta. Than in Ancient Greece there were two main conquerors, Philip II and Alexander. As they are father and son, Philip II did a lot less than his son Alexander. Alexander wanted to fulfill his father s visions, which he exceeded his expectations. The trojan war took place in 1250 B.C.E. As this war has little evidence that it happened, it was passed down through manyRead MoreThe Persian Royal Road Improve Governing And Communism Essay1737 Words   |  7 Pagesplays a major role in human affairs because the gods let Darius rule Persia. According to the document of Xerxes from Persepolis, did Alexander the Great possess the desired qualities of a ruler? According to the document, Alexander the Great did possess the desired qualities of a ruler because he was friendly with his people, respected their culture, and was a great leader for war. Which Persian leader would be the equivalent of George Washington; Cyrus, Darius, and Xerxes? Explain your answer.Read MoreEssay on History Quiz - Western Civilization to Middle Ages1580 Words   |  7 Pagescitizens | True | | False | Question 9 of 60 Approximately what proportion of the population of Athens and surrounding Attica were slaves? | One-third | | One-fourth | | One-half | | Three-fifths | Question 10 of 60 He was the great historian of the Persian Wars. | Sophocles | | Thucydides | | Herodotus | | Aeschylus | Question 11 of 60 Which of the following MOST accurately describes the role of women in fifth century B.C.E. Athens? | They had full equalityRead MoreThe Classic Age Of Greece996 Words   |  4 PagesThe Classic Age of Greece started in 500 B.C.E to the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C.E during this time Greek city states united to go against the Persian Empire and because of that they defeated the Persians. After the war was over and they no longer needed each other, Greek city-states began fighting against one another. When the Greeks weren’t fighting off Persians they were fighting against each other. The two main city-states against each other were Athens and Sparta. The AtheniansRead MoreEssay on Chapter 4 Notes ( Earth and Its People) 3rd Edition677 Words   |  3 Pages †¢ Improvements on hoplites formation. †¢ Alexander (king and son of Philip, a.k.a. Alexander the Great) defeated the Persian King Darius â… ¢. Influence by small independent communities, warring, allowed invaders and was difficult for people to develop a sense unity - GREECE â… £ The Hellenistic Synthesis 323 – 30 B.C.E. †¢ Alexander died a sudden death which sent a half-century of chaos. †¢ Hellenistic Age – epoch ushered in by the conquests of Alexander †¢ Ptolemy’s – dynasty that ruled Egypt andRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Of Pericles And Xerxes2015 Words   |  9 PagesIdentification and Evaluation of Sources This investigation attempts to answer the question, what are the similarities and differences of Pericles and Xerxes’ leadership traits? This question is relevant and important because Pericles and Xerxes were influential leaders of their time and continue to learn from them even today. Pericles was a general during the golden age of Athens (480-404 BCE) and he led Athens during the early Peloponnesian war and Persian wars. Xerxes was a king of Persia andRead MoreGreek Culture and its Influences Today Essay1160 Words   |  5 PagesThe type of government practiced in ancient Greece was democracy. The word democracy comes from the Greek language and combines the words dà ªmos (â€Å"people†) and krà ¡tos (â€Å"rule†). Pericles, a Greek statesman and leader during the Peloponnesian War, was a supporter of democracy, and delivered his famous speech called Pericles’ Funeral Oration at the end of the war. In this speech, he outlined the constituents of d emocracy: If we look to the laws, they afford equal justice to all in their private differencesRead MoreGreek And Classical Greek Philosophy997 Words   |  4 Pagesrepresentation that conveys a vitality of life as well as a sense of permanence, clarity, and harmony. Significant achievements were made in Attic vase painting. Most notably, the red-figure technique surpassed the black-figure technique, and with that, great strides were made in portraying the human body. Also, Greeks believed music became a form of expression subject to rules, styles, and rational analysis. To them, music fulfilled an ethical function in the training of young individuals. However, thereRead MoreMany People Only Think Of The Ancient Greeks As The Inventor2045 Words   |  9 Pagesbeneficial to understand how the classical Greek style evolved and exactly what made it so impressive; it is helpful to know what was happening in Greece culturally and politically during the Golden Age of art in Greece. This also the same era when the great philosophers Socrates, Plato and Aristotle began teaching and when Greek Dramatists and playwrights like Sophocles and Aristophanes first displayed their theater. Draco’s Law Code published in 621 BC was the first step towards the world s first democraticRead MoreThe Greek And Persian Empires1156 Words   |  5 PagesPersian Achaemenid dynasty became a model civilization for other societies. Due to the rise of empires, ancient Persia became known for being multi-cultural and multinational. King Cyrus the Great was the founder of the Achaemenid Dynasty. Cyrus the Great conquered most of Mesopotamia, but his son Darius the Great extended control east and west (Lecture 8). The Greeks were also located near the Mediterranean Sea. Ancient Greek culture was known for its contributions to the architecture, science

The Pyramid Of Corporate Social Responsibility - 1262 Words

It’s the responsibility of the top managers in an organization/business to conduct the business in accordance with the intent to follow all the company guidelines. In fact, this would allow the organization to make as much money as possible while maintain the basic rules of society, both of the embodied of the law and those of the ethical custom. In today’s business world any corporations who spend shareholder’s money if they invested any money in their company would be face with penalties and charges. Shareholders don’t have money in the organization, they just invest their money when they shop or visit a retailer. In his 1991 article The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility, Archie B. Carroll, a business management author and†¦show more content†¦I would implement Archie Carroll principles in my workplace, because dealing with the general public and working with people (co-workers) business organizations must be concern of their employees’ well- being, instead of focus solely on profits. Organizations such as my present employee must be concern with their corporate citizenship and corporate social responsibility. According to What Is Corporate Social Responsibility? By Regina Anaejionu she wrote that â€Å"Whereas a customer s greatest concern may be the safety of a company s products, an employee s need might be for a fair wage and safe working conditions.† Business should not only be responsible for caring about the concept of the environment such as the pollution and waste, they should show interest in their employers. Many of American people love to eat out, rather it is fast food or dining in a fancy restaurant. McDonald’s have a negative impact on the environment in more ways than one. McDonalds pollution from factories where the food is produced, the unusable waste from nearly all the food they sell, and the massive amounts of power and energy that are required to keep all of the branches up and running, this corporation is destroying natural rain forests. (Ethical footprint) McDonald’s is a multi-million dollars company, who purchase their meat from a private farm. There isn’t a problem for the company to purchase their product from a privateShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibilities : Carroll s Pyramid1422 Words   |  6 PagesModel 1. Carroll’s Pyramid Carroll (1991) organized different corporate social responsibilities as a four-layered pyramid model and called it the pyramid of responsibilities. The four different responsibilities - economical, legal, ethical and philanthropic are the layers of the pyramid. Corporate social responsibility involves the conduct of a business so that it is economically profitable, law abiding, ethical and socially supportive. To be socially responsible then means that profitability andRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility And The Foundation Of The Csr Pyramid1936 Words   |  8 Pagesinterested where the corporate social responsibility (CSR) came from and why it is important to the business and to the society. During the workshop, I learnt how to define CSR. CSR can be defined using the CSR pyramid by Carroll in 1979. â€Å"Corporate social responsibility encompasses the economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary (philanthropic) expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time† (Carroll, 1979). Those include economic responsibility, legal responsibility, ethical responsibilityRead MoreCarrolls pyramid of Corporate social responsibility: A review and modification1943 Words   |  8 Pages Carrolls corporate social responsibility pyramid (CSR) has been widely used by top management and journals to better define and explore CSR. The different components in the pyramid help managers see the different types of obligations that society expects of businesses. It is easily understandable and simple. However, the new challenges faced by corporations in the 21st century have warranted a re-examination of Carrolls pyramid. Carrolls CSR PyramidCarrolls four part CSR pyramid depicts theRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Definition1011 Words   |  5 PagesThis research study is about what the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is, how people define and how I understand this term? According to my research and observations, CSR does not have only one and constant definition. I have read a lot of definitions of CSR and in fact, they are similar but not the same. Briefly, definition and understanding of CSR depends on person to person. Thus, I am going to talk about definitions of the CSR and I will define my own perspective about the CSR. Read MoreEssay on managerial ehics1410 Words   |  6 PagesComplete Discussion Questions 3, 4, and 5 on page 27 of Business and Society. 3. Identify and explain the major factors in the social environment that create an atmosphere in which business criticism takes place and prospers. How are the factors related to one another? Has the revolution of rising expectations run its course? Or is it still a vital reality? Affluence refers to the level of wealth, and standard of living of the society. As the standard of living is increasing every year, peopleRead MoreTheories And Frameworks Of Csr1315 Words   |  6 Pages2(a) - Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility The modern definition of CSR is rooted in Carroll’s Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility. This model outlined the four different elements of CSR which include economic responsibility, legal responsibility, ethical responsibility and philanthropic responsibility. (Carroll, 1979). The pyramid is widely used by businesses because it explains the key areas that firms are responsible to their stakeholders. According the Carroll’s Pyramid a corporateRead MoreCarrolls Interpretation of Corporate Social Responsibility1191 Words   |  5 PagesThis report will demonstrate how Carroll’s interpretation of corporate social Responsibility (CSR) is more suited to an Anglo-American interpretation of CSR compared to that of a Nigerian perspective as it is difficult to apply the ideas in the African context due to the country being less stable than the western world that we know. To demonstrate this I will look at the Shell case study in Nigeria and how â€Å"culture may have an important influence on CSR priorities† (Burton et al, 2000). In MarchRead MoreReview and Discussion of the Article The Future of Corporate Social Responsibility by Duane Windsor728 Words   |  3 PagesThe future of corporate social responsibility. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 9 (3): 225-256. Duane Windsor, via the aforementioned article regarding the future of social responsibility, purports â€Å"there are three emerging alternatives or competitors to responsibility: (1) an economic conception of responsibility; (2) global corporate citizenship; and (3) stakeholder management practices (pg. 225).† Windsor first provides a historical reflection of social responsibility beginning inRead MoreEssay on Business Ethics and dilemma632 Words   |  3 Pages 2. Prepare a 3- to 5-page paper titled,  Corporate Social Responsibility. 3. Reflect upon your text readings from Chapters 1 and 9 with a focus on the following core concepts: Organizational Social Responsibility (Chapters 1 and 9) The Ethical Decision-making Process (Chapter 1) Corporate Reputation (Chapter 9) The Corporate Social Responsibility Pyramid (Chapter 9) The Importance of Trust (Chapter 9) The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility (article by Carroll and Chapter 9) 4. Read  TheRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Programs Work843 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility Programs Work Benjamin Franklin said It takes many good deeds to build a good reputation, and only one bad one to lose it (Good Deeds Quotes. n.d.). Multinational corporations have operations in multiple countries which in turn brings together many cultures. Saying a multinational corporation has no moral or social responsibility to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs goes against what a company should strive to be. In recent years, firms

The Cause And Effect Of Bullying - 1876 Words

Graduation Project Essay Topic: The Cause and Effect of Bullying Thesis Statement: Bullying is verbal physical abuse that causes the victims to be exploited from social activity, traumatized and sometimes even commit suicide. It consists of redundant acts that cause the bully to have power over the victim. Bullying is a common experience for many children, teenagers, and even adults. Bullying is aggressive behavior between two or more peers that involves a repetition of unwanted negative actions. With this in mind, there many causes and effects that takes place when such behavior occur. However, there are ways that this behavior can be prevented. This behavior should be a main concern in schools and jobs because many peers get affected. The causes of bullying is the first step in addressing the growing problem of bullying in the individual’s neighborhood, school, and job. (Jenney Cheever 1).These causes vary in different situations, relying on what the individual’s psychological state of mind is. One cause on why some people bully their peers is because they are getting verbally or physically abused in their household. With this being said, children are more likely to bully their peers when they have parents who do not discipline their behavior at home or abuse them verbally or non-verbally. (Jenney Chever1) Onward, another reason why bullies behave in this manner is because they want to be perceived to have the popular or tough image. Bullies find enjoyment in beingShow MoreRelatedCauses and Effects of Bullying1066 Words   |  4 PagesThe rapper Macklemore once said, â€Å"Bullying is a national epidemic.† Bullying has been an issue in the United States in the 1970’s and is still growing nationwide. Despite efforts to contain and eradicate bullying, bullies and bullying has not gone away and has been growing rather than declining. Bullying is a current issue that is controversial because there is little to no action against bullying, the damage done to the victims lead to horrible actions su ch as suicide, and although it is gainingRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Bullying1297 Words   |  6 Pages10/23/15 Causes and Effects of Bullying Bullying is a big issue that spreads through the world. It can happen to anyone of all ages, and in numerous ways. Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among people that involves a real or perceived power imbalance that either repeats or has the potential to repeat, overtime (Bullying Definition). There are so many factors that tie into bullying such as, why the bully is actually bullying, why the bully chose that victim, or even the effects that occurRead MoreThe Causes And Effects Of Bullying1369 Words   |  6 Pages2015 The Causes and Effects of Bullying Bullying is defined as unwanted or aggressive behavior that causes someone to feel afraid or intimidated. This behavior could be something physical, verbal or something done electronically or through social media. If someone feels threatened by someone’s actions or words, it could be considered bullying, even if that was not the intent. In my Senior project paper, I will discuss the types of bullying, how to recognize bullying, how to report bullying, what toRead MoreThe Cause And Effect Of Bullying1549 Words   |  7 Pagescommon variables within our family that make bullies and define the bullied. THE BULLIES AND THE BULLIED More frequently than not parents are the underlined cause of bullying. At the very least they are responsible for teaching the ways in which to avoid the stress and social impact bullying causes . Several parenting patterns, cause children to boss around or to be bullied as well as give birth to the perpetrator, the bully. Bullies Authoritarian style parenting, which makes usage of violenceRead MoreBullying : Cause And Effect2156 Words   |  9 PagesEmilie Chambers Professor Ulysses Mack English 1302 1 December 2014 Research Paper Bullying: Cause and Effect Bullying is one of America’s largest current problems involving children and teens, it is serious, destructive, and harmful and desperately needs to stop. Bullying is not secluded to one area of America, it is alive in many homes and schools. Bullies play an enormous role in causing their peers to injure themselves, become mentally unstable, struggle with depression, and potentially commitRead MoreBullying : The Causes And Effects Of Cyberbullying1060 Words   |  5 PagesBullying by electric forms of contact, better known as cyberbullying, has become an epidemic throughout the world in the last few years. While those affected may not be harmed physically, mentally and emotionally they are tortured and some never recover. For youths who have been cyberbullied, it is reported that they have a higher chance of anxiety and also depression. They are also more likely to have problems in their personal lives and in school. Those affected can have thoughts that lead themRead More Bullying : The Causes And Effects Of Cyberbullying1106 Words   |  5 PagesCyberbullying is bullying that takes place over digital devices such as cell phones, computers, and tablets. It can include sharing personal or private information about someone else causing embarrassment or humiliation, sometimes crossing the line into unlawful or criminal behavior. The effects of cyberbullying can be alarming, but they are clear when discussing the coinciding of actual physical bullying, poor academic performance, high rates of depression and other emotions, and even suicidal behaviorRead MoreBullying : The Causes And Effects Of Cyberbullying1508 Words   |  7 Pagesthe same age group. A lot of people think they know what cyberbullying and bullying is but they are not the same. Cyberbullying can affect a kid as much as physical bullying. Cyberbullying has been proven to affect one out of every three children. There are seven or more different ways a person can be cyberbullied. It can l ead to person a harming themselves or others being harmed. Cyberbullying has been proven to be a cause of suicide. It affects many people and it can be prevented. ( Breguet pageRead MoreBullying Schools : Its Causes And Effects On Students899 Words   |  4 Pages Bullying is a worldwide issue that affects millions of individuals every day. To some it could be meant as a joke but the reality of the matter is that it could cost someone their life. One article written about the causes and effects of bullying in elementary schools’ explains, â€Å"bullying may include verbal and physical assaults, threats, ‘jokes’ or language, mockery and criticizing, insulting behavior and facial expressions†(Jan,2015). Bullying is not just narrowed down to one specific remark;Read MoreBullying in Schools: Causes, Effects and Possible Solutions Essay2123 Words   |  9 Pagesboth victims of bullying, embarked upon a murderous rampage through their school, many schools hav e enacted zero tolerance policies towards planned, or even implied, violence within schools. However noble these policies are, they effectively allow bullies to continue their harassment of weaker students. School administrators then reserve the right to punish, and even expel, the weaker students who choose to defend themselves, whether vocally or physically, while ignoring the root cause of these insurrections

Othello Performance Analysis Essay Example For Students

Othello Performance Analysis Essay On the 25th of April 2015, I had the opportunity to catch the 8. 30 p. m. performance of one of Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, Othello, at KLPAC. Directed by Lim Kien Lee and Qahar Aqilah, the show stars Grace Ng, Sandee Chew, Lim Soon Heng, Arief Hamizan, David H. Lim, Kgia Loong and Kien Lee himself in the title role. Shakespeare Demystified: Othello tells a tale of prejudice, love, envy, jealousy and murder – all in 100 minutes. The play starts off with Roderigo (Kgia Loong) telling Brabantio (David) that his daughter, Desdemona (Ng) has eloped with Othello, the General of the Venetian Army. He is not happy as Othello is of African and Arabian descent but Desdemona convinces him that she truly does love Othello. Meanwhile, Iago (Lim) who has been Othello’s comrade for many years is mad with rage as he was not chosen for the post of Leftenant. Instead, Othello chose Michael Cassio (Arief) for the post. Driven by envy, Iago spreads rumours of Desdemona’s affair with Cassio to Othello causing Othello to doubt Desdemona’s loyalty to her. The production used a very minimalistic set. Six black boxes were used and manipulated throughout the play to show the different settings. It is important to note that most of the time, it is often Iago who is moving the boxes around to show the next scene. According to Kien Lee, this was because in the plot, it is Iago who is doing all the manipulation through his words and actions. Therefore it seemed fitting that Iago should be the one ‘manipulating’ the sets. The lighting was plain white throughout the show due to the nature of the minimalistic set. In the original play, Othello is a black man. As Kien Lee is Chinese, the difference between Othello and the other characters was represented by a change in costume. The acting on a whole was quite convincing. Lims portrayal of Iago was superb. He managed to show Iagos evil side in a rather unconventional, quiet way. As for Grace Ng, the peak of her performance was during her rendition of the song Willow. You could almost feel her breaking in the song, torn between her love for Othello and the confusion regarding his behaviour. At one point it even felt like she was on the brink of suicide. The last person I would like to mention is Sandee Chews interpretation of Emilia. Several scenes involving Emilia were cut from the script to fit the time. Therefore the gradual change in Emilias character was speeded up greatly, although not too suddenly. And though only playing a small role, Emilias character brought up valid questions about the society those days, some of which are still relevant today. Kien Lees performance as Othello was a little too over the top. But then again, Shakespeares plays were always insanely dramatic. However, Kien Lees acting did not quite match the more natural acting style of the others. Also, his Chinese accent slipped out occasionally. Besides that, some of the words uttered by the actors ran together, making it extremely difficult to understand at times.

Uncle Toms Cabin (1957 words) Essay Example For Students

Uncle Toms Cabin (1957 words) Essay Uncle Toms CabinUncle Toms Cabin Uncle Tom’s Cabin Harriet Beecher Stowe UNCLE TOM -Uncle Tom manages the Shelby plantation. Strong, intelligent, capable, good, and kind, he is the most heroic figure in the novel that bears his name. Toms most important characteristic is his Christian faith. God has given Tom an extraordinary ability. He can forgive the evil done to him. His self-sacrificing love for others has been called motherly. It has also been called truly Christian. AUNT CHLOE- Aunt Chloe, Uncle Toms wife, is fat, warm, and jolly. She is a good housekeeper and a superb cook, and justly proud of her skill. We will write a custom essay on Uncle Toms Cabin (1957 words) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now She loves Tom, and urges him to escape to Canada rather than to go South with Haley. After Tom is sold, she convinces the Shelbys to hire her out to a baker in Louisville and to use her wages to buy Toms freedom. She is heartbroken to learn of his death. MOSE, PETE, AND POLLY Mose, Pete, and Polly, the children of Uncle Tom and Aunt Chloe, are playful and rambunctious. Polly is Toms special favorite, and she loves to bury her tiny hands in his hair. ELIZA HARRIS Eliza Harris is raised by her mistress, Mrs. Shelby, to be pious and good. Described as light-skinned and pretty, Eliza dearly loves her husband, George Harris, and their little boy, Harry. When she learns that Harry is about to be sold, Eliza carries him in her arms to the Ohio River, which she crosses on cakes of ice. Although generally a modest and retiring young woman, Eliza becomes extraordinarily brave because of her love for her son. GEORGE HARRIS- George Harris, portrayed as a light-skinned and intelligent slave, belongs to a man named Harris. He is married to Eliza, who lives on the Shelby plantation, and they have a son, Harry. HARRY AND LITTLE ELIZA Harry and little Eliza are the children of George and Eliza Harris. Harry, born a slave on the Shelby Plantation, is bright and cute, and sings and dances for Mr. Shelby and Haley. He is so beautiful that he is disguised as a girl in order to escape into Canada. Once there, he does very well in school. Little Eliza is born free in Canada. SAM AND ANDY- Sam and Andy, slaves on the Shelby plantation, provide comic relief through their mispronunciations and deliberate mishaps. Andy, who likes to makes speeches, is meant to satirize politicians. But Sam and Andy make an important contribution to the novels plot- their clowning allows Eliza to escape across the Ohio River. MR. SHELBY Mr. Shelby, the owner of a Kentucky plantation, generally treats his slaves well, but he decides to sell two of them, Uncle Tom and little Harry, to pay off a debt. Although he regrets the sale, Shelby feels he has no other choice. MRS. SHELBY Mrs. Shelby, a kind, religious woman, tries to raise the familys slaves with Christian values. She attempts to convince her husband not to sell Tom and Harry, and she helps Eliza escape. Warm-hearted Mrs. Shelby treats her slaves like people, crying with Aunt Chloe when Uncle Tom leaves and consoling her when they learn he is dead. GEORGE SHELBY- George Shelby, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Shelby, is thirteen years old when the novel begins, and eighteen when it ends. He likes to spend time with Uncle Tom and Aunt Chloe, basking in their kindness and attention. He teaches Uncle Tom to read and write, and reads the Bible at the slaves religious meeting. On Uncle Toms grave, he swears to do whatever he can to fight against slavery, and he begins by freeing the slaves on his own plantation. George is one of the few characters who changes during the course of Uncle Toms Cabin, as he develops from a good-hearted but somewhat self-centered boy into a noble and effective man. HALEY-Haley sets the plot of Uncle Toms Cabin in motion by insisting that Mr. Shelby sell him Tom and little Harry. .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c , .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c .postImageUrl , .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c , .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c:hover , .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c:visited , .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c:active { border:0!important; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c:active , .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3e6fc15ab93c11ac7698e1d6cbe92e0c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Disney Company - one of the world leaders in media Essay Haley curses, smokes, drinks, and dresses badly. He claims to be humane because he is not completely cruel to the slaves he buys. But you can see that hes a nasty person. He doesnt believe slaves have feelings, so he doesnt think twice about separating a mother and child- like Eliza and little Harry, or about the woman who jumps off the steamboat on the Ohio River after he sells her baby. Haley cant understand why these things keep happening to him. TOM LOKER, AND MARKS- Tom Loker and Marks are crude fellows, who make their living catching escaped slaves. You often see them in taverns. Tom Loker is shot by George Harris, but the Harrises and the Quakers forgive him, and he is nursed back to health in the Quaker settlement. He gives the Quakers the information that helps George and Eliza disguise themselves so they can elude Marks at the Sandusky ferry. MR. AND MRS. BIRD- Mr. and Mrs. Bird live in Ohio with their three children. Tiny Mrs. Bird is a wonderful housekeeper and mother. Mr. Bird, a senator, has just voted for the Fugitive Slave Law. Mrs. Bird tries to convince him that he is wrong, and that one must allow the heart to guide the head. The appearance of Eliza on their doorstep makes him realize that he isnt capable of turning in a fugitive. One of the Birds children has recently died, and their loss makes them more sympathetic to Eliza. RACHEL HALLIDAY, SIMEON HALLIDAY, RUTH STEDMAN, DORCAS, AND PHINEAS FLETCHER- These Quakers practice their religious beliefs in their daily lives. They risk fines by helping escaped slaves. Rachel Halliday and Ruth Stedman are motherly and sympathetic; Simeon and Phineas are quietly brave. They take good care of George and Eliza and make it possible for them to escape to Canada. Dorcas nurses Tom Loker back to health after George Harris shoots him. She doesnt quite convert him to her beliefs, but she does get him to give up slave-catching. AUGUSTINE ST. CLARE Augustine St. Clare, Toms second master, is handsome, worldly, and charming. He indulges his slaves in his elegant New Orleans house and debates the issue of slavery with his cousin from Vermont. Most of all, St. Clare hates hypocrisy. Believing that slavery is wrong, he left the plantation he inherited with his twin brother because he didnt really want to be a slavemaster. St. Clare thinks black people will eventually gain their freedom, but he isnt sure how it will come about. In the meantime, he rails with equal fervor against Southern ministers who claim slavery is supported by the Bible, and Northerners who criticize slavery but wont let black children into their schools. EVANGELINE ST. CLARE Evangeline St. Clare is a beautiful child, spiritually as well as physically. She is filled with goodness and love. Her kindness to those around her, especially the slaves, brightens their lives, and leads some of them to embrace the Christianity she so instinctively radiates. Eva is responsible for St. Clares purchase of Uncle Tom, and Tom becomes her special friend. The two spend hours poring over the Bible and discussing religion. The black slave and the little blonde girl are kindred spirits. But Eva- whose name suggests the Evangelist- becomes ill and dies. On her deathbed, she distributes locks of her hair and loving wishes to everyone around her. MARIE ST. CLARE- Marie St. Clare is a beautiful but spoiled woman who ignores everyones feelings but her own and takes advantage of her servants. A hypochondriac, constantly claiming to have headaches, she cannot understand either her husband or their daughter. She doesnt pay much attention to either of them, except to complain. Because Marie cant act for anyone but herself, she fails to prevent Uncle Toms sale to Simon Legree. OPHELIA- Ophelia St. .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f , .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f .postImageUrl , .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f , .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f:hover , .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f:visited , .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f:active { border:0!important; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f:active , .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf124bee6f0c76bce9b698c85bd4c485f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Work And School Essay Clare comes from Vermont to manage her cousin Augustines New Orleans household. Her thrifty New England ways contrast with the easy-going St. Clare style. One of Ophelias functions in the novel is to contrast the North and the South. An abolitionist, Ophelia finds slavery perfectly horrible, and she rails against it in her running debate with Augustine. ALFRED AND HENRIQUE ST. CLARE- Alfred St. Clare, Augustines dark, forceful twin brother, is a stern but decent slaveowner. The contrast between the twins contrasts their two approaches to slavery. Similarly, dark, handsome, proud, and angry Henrique, Alfreds son, contrasts with his blonde, loving cousin Eva. Henrique is cruel to his slave, Dodo, but Eva reaches him with her love. TOPSY- Ignorant but energetic, Topsy is brought by Augustine into the St. Clare household to see whether the high-principled Ophelia is actually capable of managing a slave. Topsy, who cant tell the difference between right and wrong. ADOLPHE, ROSA, JANE, DINAH, AND MAMMY- The well-treated slaves in the St. Clare household seem to be divided into two groups. Some, such as Adolphe, Rosa, and Jane, are light-skinned servants who borrow the St. Clare familys airs as well as much of its wardrobe. Others, such as Dinah the cook, and Mammy, are dark-skinned hardworking, and realistic. PRUE-A worn-out, hard-drinking woman, Prue is beaten to death by her owners. Tom discovers the cause of her misery- like so many other slave women, she has lost her children to the slave-trader. SIMON LEGREE- Simon Legree is the owner of a plantation on the Red River in Louisiana. Sadistic and cruel, he breaks his slaves in body and soul and works them to death. Legree has no real human ties. He has sexual relations with slave women whom he buys for that purpose, and his main companions are the barbaric Sambo and Quimbo. Legree is interested in growing as much cotton as he can, as his bet with several other plantation owners indicates, but he also seems to enjoy abusing his slaves, particularly Uncle Tom. CASSY- Cassy, the daughter of a wealthy white man and a slave woman, is sheltered and convent-educated. The death of her father results in her sale to a man who becomes her lover, and whom she adores. But after some years, he sells her and her children to pay a gambling debt. Cassy is driven half-mad by the loss of her son and daughter, and searches in vain for them. She is owned by a series of masters. By one of them she has a son, whom she kills with an overdose of opium rather than face the pain of losing another child to slavery. SUSAN, EMMELINE, AND LUCY- Susan, Emmeline, and Lucy are sold in the New Orleans slave market with Uncle Tom and the rest of the St. Clare family slaves. Susan and Emmeline, a religious mother and daughter, are heartbroken when they are separated and sold. Legree buys Emmeline to be his mistress, but she resists him. Emmeline marries a crew member on the ship that carries the Harris family, Madame de Thoux, and Cassy to France. Lucy is purchased by Legree as a mistress for his second-in-command, Sambo, although she had a husband and children in New Orleans. Lucy finds it difficult to work in the fields, and Tom helps her by secretly putting cotton into her bag so that she will be able to turn in the required amount of cotton each day. SAMBO AND QUIMBO-Sambo and Quimbo are Simon Legrees black lieutenants. Brutal and ignorant, they lord it over the other slaves. Legree manipulates them so that they fight with each other too. Both Sambo and Quimbo whip and otherwise abuse Tom, but they are converted by him in the end. Sports and Games